Early to Middle Miocene:

1. Tampa Formation, Florida; 22-23.7 Ma; Weisbord, 1973

2. Emperador Limestone, Panama; 17.6-22 Ma; Vaughan, 1919

3. Anguilla Formation, Anguilla; 16.2-22 Ma; Budd et al., 1995

4. Chipola Formation, Florida; 15-18 Ma; Weisbord, 1971

5, 6. Rio Yaque del Norte, units 2 and 3 of Budd et al., 1996, Baitoa Formation, Dominican Republic; 17.3-13.1 Ma;Saunders et al., 1986

7. Brasso and Tamana Formations, Trinidad; 11.2-15 Ma; Vaughan & Hoffmeister, 1926

8. Unda (unit 8, 1228-1236 fbmp), Bahamas; 11.6-11.7 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

Late Miocene to Early Pliocene:

9. Manzanilla Formation, Trinidad; 5.3-11.2 Ma; Vaughan & Hoffmeister, 1926

10. Lirio Limestone, Isla de Mona; 5.3-11.2 Ma; Gonzalez et al., 1992

11-12. Rio Gurabo, unit 1 and unit 2 of Budd et al., 1996, Cercado Formation, Dominican Republic; 8.3-7.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

13-14. Rio Gurabo, unit 3 and unit 4 of Budd et al., 1996, Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic; 8.3-7.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

15. Rio Cana, unit 1 of Budd et al., 1996, Cercado Formation, Dominican Republic; 8.3-7.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

16. Rio Yague del Norte, unit 4 of Budd et al., 1996, Dominican Republic; 8.3-7.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

17-20. Rio Gurabo, unit 5, unit 6, unit 7 and unit 8 of Budd et al., 1996, Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic; 7.5-5.6 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

21. Rio Cana, unit 3 of Budd et al., 1996, Cercado Formation, Dominican Republic; 7.5-5.6 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

22. Rio Cana, unit 4 of Budd et al., 1996, Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic; 7.5-5.6 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

23, 24. Rio Mao, units 1 and 2 of Budd et al., 1996, Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic; 7.5-5.6 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

25. Rio Yague del Norte, unit 5 of Budd et al., 1996, Dominican Republic; 7.5-5.6 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

26. Rio Amina, unit 1, Dominican Republic; 7.5-5.6 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

27. Rio Gurabo, unit 9 of Budd et al., 1996, Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic; 5.6-4.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

28. Rio Cana, unit 5 of Budd et al., 1996, Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic; 5.6-4.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

29. Rio Yague del Norte, unit 5 of Budd et al., 1996, Dominican Republic;5.6-4.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

30. Rio Amina, unit 2, Dominican Republic; 5.6-4.5 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

31. Unda (unit 7, 1030-1063 fbmp), Bahamas; 5.3-5.4 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

32. Unda (unit 6, 978-1030 fbmp), Bahamas; 5.2-5.3 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

33. Brazo Seco, Rio Banano Formation, Costa Rica; 4-5.3 Ma; Budd et al., In review

34, 35. Rio Cana, units 6 and 7 of Budd et al., 1996, Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic; 4.5-4 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

36. Rio Gurabo, unit 11 of Budd et al., 1996, Mao Formation, Dominican Republic; 4-3.7 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

37-40. Rio Cana, units 8-11 of Budd et al., 1996, Mao Formation, Dominican Republic; 4-3.7 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

41-43. Rio Gurabo, unit 12, unit 13 and unit 14 of Budd et al., 1996, Mao Formation, Dominican Republic; 3.7-3.4 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

44. Rio Cana, unit 12 of Budd et al., 1996, Mao Formation, Dominican Republic; 3.7-3.4 Ma; Saunders et al., 1986

45. Quebrada Chocolate reef trend, Chocolate Formation, Costa Rica; 3-3.6 Ma; Budd et al., In review

46. Buenos Aires reef trend, Chocolate Formation, Costa Rica; 3-4 Ma; Budd et al., In review

Late Pliocene:

47. Pinecrest Sandstone, Florida; 3-3.5 Ma; Meeder, 1987

48. La Cruz Marl, Cuba; 1.6-3.5 Ma; Vaughan, 1919

49. Matanzas, Cuba; 1-3.5 Ma; Vaughan, 1919

50. Bowden Formation, Jamaica; 2-3.5 Ma; Budd collections

51. Old Pera Beds, Jamaica; 1.8-2.5 Ma; Budd collections

52. Hope Gate Formation, Jamaica; 1.8-2.5 Ma; Budd collections

53. Clino (unit 6, 606-648 fbmp), Bahamas; 2.1-2.2 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

54. Unda (unit 5, 342-355 fbmp), Bahamas; 2.1-2.2 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

55. Unda (unit 4, 272-342 fbmp), Bahamas; 1.9-2.1 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

56. Clino (unit 5, 514-539 fbmp), Bahamas; 1.9-2.0 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

57. Clino (unit 4, 445-484 fbmp), Bahamas; 1.8-1.9 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

58. Unda (unit 3, 259-272 fbmp), Bahamas; 1.8-1.9 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

59. Empalme reef trend, Moin Formation, Costa Rica; 1.6-1.9 Ma; Budd et al., In review

60. Lomas del Mar, Costa Rica; 1.6-1.9 Ma; Budd et al., In review

61. Unda (unit 2, 209-259 fbmp), Bahamas; 1.7-1.8 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

62. Caloosahatchee Formation, Florida; 1.6-1.8 Ma; Weisbord, 1974

63. Clino (unit 3, 394-445 fbmp), Bahamas; 1.6-1.8 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

Early Pleistocene:

64. Manchioneal Formation, Jamaica; 0.8-1.8 Ma; Budd collections

65. Clino (unit 2, 321-394 fbmp), Bahamas; 1.3-1.6 Ma; Budd & Kievman, In review

66. Glades Formation, Florida; 1-1.6 Ma; Weisbord, 1974

Middle to Late Pleistocene:

67. Clino (unit 1, 86-278 fbmp); 200-900 Ka; Budd & Kievman, In review

68. Unda (unit 1, 127-164 fbmp); 500-700 Ka; Budd & Kievman, In review

69. Santo Domingo, Domican Republic; 100-500 Ka; Geister, 1982

70. San Andrés; 100-500 Ka; Geister, 1975

71. Key Largo Limestone, Florida; 100-500 Ka; Weisbord, 1974

72. Falmouth Formation, Jamaica; 120-150 Ka; Budd collections

REFERENCES CITED

Budd, A. F., Johnson, K. G., and Stemann, T. A. 1996. Plio-Pleistocene turnover and extinctions in the Caribbean reef coral fauna. In Jackson, J. B. C., Budd, A. F., and Coates, A. G. (eds.), Evolution and environment in Tropical America. University of Chicago Press, Chicago (in press).

Budd, A. F., Johnson, K. G., Stemann, T. A., and Tompkins, B. H. In review. Plio-Pleistocene reef corals assemblages in the Limon Group of Costa Rica, with preliminary notes on the Bocas del Toro Group of Panama. In L.S. Collins, L.S., and Coates, A.G. (eds.), Marine Biodiversity of Neogene Southern Central America, Part I: Caribbean. Bulletins of American Paleontology, Special Volume.

Budd, A. F. and Kievman, C. M. In review. Coral assemblages in Neogene to Recent cores from the Bahamas platform and their use in paleoenvironmental interpretation. SEPM special publication on the Bahamas Drilling Project.

Budd, A. F., Stemann, T. A., and Johnson, K. G. 1994. Stratigraphic distributions of genera and species of Neogene to Recent Caribbean reef corals. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 68, pp. 951-977.

Geister, J.
1975. Riffbau und geologische Entwicklungsgeschichte der Insel San Andrès (westliches Karibisches Meer, Kolumbien). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde B, vol. 15, 203pp.
1982. Pleistocene reef terraces and coral environments at Santo Domingo and near Boca Chica, southern coast of the Dominican Republic. Transactions of the 9th Caribbean Geological Conference (Santo Domingo, 1980), vol. 2, pp. 689-703.

González, L. A., H. M. Ruiz, A. F. Budd, and V. Monnell 1992. A late Miocene barrier reef in Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, vol. 27(7), p. A350.

Land, L. S.
1973. Contemporaneous dolomitization of Middle Pleistocene reefs by meteoric water, north Jamaica. Bulletin of Marine Science, vol. 23, pp. 64-92.
1991. Some aspects of the late Cenozoic evolution of north Jamaica as revealed by strontium isotope stratigraphy. Journal of the Geological Society of Jamaica, vol. 28, pp. 45-48.

McNeill, D. F., Eberli, G. P., Lidz, B. H., Swart, P. K., and Kenter, J. A. M. In review. Chronostratigraphy of prograding carbonate platform margins: a record of sea level changes and dynamic slope sedimentation, Western Great Bahama Bank. SEPM special publication on the Bahamas Drilling Project.

Meeder, J. F. 1987. The paleontology, petrology, and depositional model of the Pliocene Tamiami Formation, southwest Florida (with special reference to corals and reef development). Unpubl. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Miami, Coral Gables, 748pp.

Saunders, J. B., Jung, P., and Biju-Duval, B. 1986. Neogene paleontology in the northern Dominican Republic. 1. Field surveys, lithology, environment, and age. Bulletins of American Paleontology, vol. 89, No. 323, 79 pp., 9 pls., 39 text-figs., 4 tables, 5 appendices.

Vaughan, T. W. 1919. Fossil corals from Central America, Cuba, and Porto Rico with an account of the American Tertiary, Pleistocene, and recent coral reefs. U.S. National Museum Bulletin, vol. 103, pp. 189-5245, pls. 68-152.

Vaughan, T. W., and Hoffmeister, J. E. 1926. Miocene corals from Trinidad. Papers of the Department of Marine Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, vol. 23, pp. 107-132, pls. 1-7.

Weisbord, N. E.
1971. Corals from the Chipola and Jackson Bluff formations of Florida. Florida Bureau of Geology, Geological Bulletin, vol. 53, 100 pp., 15 pls.1973. New and little-known corals from the Tampa Formation of Florida. Florida Bureau of Geology, Geological Bulletin, vol. 56, 147 pp., 35 pls.1974. Late Cenozoic corals of south Florida. Bulletins of American Paleontology, vol. 66, pp. 259-544, pls. 21-57.

Last updated on October 24, 1996-afb.